6. Concluding remarks Liquid air energy storage (LAES) is becoming an attractive thermo-mechanical storage solution for decarbonization, with the advantages of no geological constraints, long lifetime (30–40 years), high energy density (120–200 kWh/m 3), environment-friendly and flexible layout.
The world's most available substance could unlock a new opportunity for long-duration energy storage. Liquid air refers to air that has been cooled to low temperatures, causing it to condense into a liquid state. Credit: Waraphorn Aphai via Shutterstock.
Among them, liquid air energy storage (LAES) is gaining traction for its geographical flexibility and long-term potential. Promising long-lasting, long-duration energy storage (LDES) and scalability without pollution or geographic constraints, LAES was first proposed in 1977 but shelved due to technical and financial challenges.
Researchers can contribute to advancing LAES as a viable large-scale energy storage solution, supporting the transition to a more sustainable and resilient energy infrastructure by pursuing these avenues. 6. Conclusion For the transportation and energy sectors, liquid air offers a viable carbon-neutral alternative.
Hybrid liquid air energy storage Besides the standalone LAES with cold/heat storage and recovery by itself, the LAES can be also integrated with other systems (to be termed as hybrid LAES), of which the external energy sources come from industrial processes and renewables.
Cold energy utilization research has focused on improving the efficiency of liquid air production and storage. Studies have shown that leveraging LNG cold energy can reduce specific energy consumption for liquid air production by up to 7.45 %.
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